Micro wave control apparatus



Nav. 13, 1945. J, COTTON 2,388,830

MICRO WAVE CONTROL APPARATUS Filed May 29, 1941 21) 30 i i 36 3 Z 51 i19 g fifi Z3 w. F WBY Patented Nov. 13, 1945 UNITED STATES PATENTOFFICIE 2,388,830 MICRO WAVE CONTROL APPARATUS James Henry Cotton,Toronto, Ontario, Canada Application May 29, 1941, Serial No. 395,830'In' Canada August 19, 1939 Claims. (01. 25c 11) This invention relatesto improvements in apparatus for directing and controlling wavesemanating from a micro wave source in a concentrated clearly defineddirectional beam for the treatment of organic substances to create astate of analgesia or anaesthesia in localized areas or to renderinnocuous or kill bacteria.

A further object of this invention is to provide an apparatus which willenable the polarization of the beam wave.

The principal features of the invention consist in enclosing the wavesource intermediate of the length of a tube provided with a surfaceadjustably arranged at one end and adapted for reflecting micro wavesand having means at the opposite end of said tube for adjusting thelength and other dimensions of the tube to control the final dischargeof the wave beam in relation to the object to be treated.

In the accompanyin drawing Figure 1 is a sectional diagrammatic view ofa, simple form of my invention illustrating the principle involved inthe control of the micro wave.

Figure 2 is a diagrammatic longitudinal vertical mid-sectional viewillustrating a further means of control of the micro wave.

Figure 3 is a diagrammatic longitudinal vertical mid-sectional view of astill further modification of the apparatus.

It has been ascertained in the practical application of therapeuticsthat certain electrically energized waves have distinct reaction uponorganic matter, the X-ray and Hertzian waves being extremely well knownexamples,

It is also known that waves of varying lengths and physical propertiesmay emanate from a single source.

One of the greatest problems in the practical application oftherapeutics with wave impulses has been the difiiculty of segregatingthe innumerable wave lengths so that certain clearly defined wave lengthlimitations can be utilized definitely in relation to certain definedphysical conditions.

It is known that certain forms of electrodes produce certain types orlengths of waves and this invention has been devised principally tocontrol the extremely short or micro waves and concentrate them in abeam which may be directed at the surface to be treated so that only thearea coincident with that beam will be afiected thereby.

It is also known to those conversant with the characteristics ofwave-producing electrodes that in addition to the fundamental wavelengths produced there are also numerous harmonics and,

for certain results it may be found desirable to select a certain typeof wave source and to concentrate and project the fundamental wavesalong with the harmonics. I I

A simple type of apparatus for producing such a result is shown inFigure 1. In the structure shovm in Figure l a pair of tubes I and 2,which are open at both ends, are rigidly mounted in axial alignment onsuitable supports 3 and 4 respectively. The inward adjacent ends ofthese tubes are preferably slightly spaced apart and supported axiallywithin these tubes 'at the junc-' ture point is a source of electricalWave energy 5. This source may be varied and may be chosen to produce adesired fundamental wave length.

Arranged at the outer end of the tube I is a sleeve 6 which is slidablein relation to the tube I and is supported for' longitudinal adjustmentupon a suitable threaded rod 1 threaded in a support 8 which thusprovides micrometer adjustment for the sleeve. The outer end of' thesleeve is closed and presents a reflecting surface- 9 to reflect wavesstriking thereupon. The adjustable sleeve with its refiector'may beadjusted to tune to reflect desirable wave length emanating from thesource 5.

.It will be understood of course that if one wave. length only isdesired the arrangement of the reflecting surface may be calibrated anexact distance from the source. I

Waves emanating from the source strike the inner walls of the tubes Iand 2 and those within the tube I are ultimately reflected back to passthrough the tube 2 and they mingle with the waves flowing through thetube 2, with the ultimate result that a beam of waves is produced whichis projected from the open end of the tube 2 to strike upon a restrictedarea of the subject II! to be treated.

The tuning Of the tube 2 may also be required in regard to the wavelength being selected being most efiiectively directed toward thesubject Ill and in order to accomplish this a sleeve I I istelescopically mounted on the sleeve 2 and provided with a suitablemicrometer means of adjustment I 2,

For the isolation of harmonics from funda-' mental waves for aparticular treatment of certain substances the apparatus may be modifiedas illustrated in Figure 2 by providing a sleeve I 3 adjustably mountedon the discharge end of the tube 2 which is closed at the outer end andhas a central opening I4 and a suitable guide I5 on the outer side intowhich a slide I6 is inserted, this slide having an orifice of a selectedsize adapted to permit the passage of waves of a certain lengththerethrough but to form a barrier for waves of larger length. Theselection of such an orifice slide may be utilized definitely inpolarizingthe waves passing therethrough. That is to say, by choosing anorifice of slightly greater dimensions than the length of wave which itis desired to use, the waves in passing through such orifice, becomepolarized uniformly in the same direction. t

It has been found by careful experiment with the apparatus disclosedherein that waves emit: ted. at the source l9 are polarized in ahorizontal or vertical direction. Thi polarization may be determined byplacing a grid having upright bars in the path of the waves and if thewaves are reflected as from a plain metal platebut will pass through asimilar grid with bars horizontal such waves are considered to bepolarized horizontally. Experiment shows that, in controllingultra-micro waves such as. this invention contemplates, .if wavesareabsorbed inside. the ori-. fice 261by an upright grid but ifpermitted to pass through said oriflcethey were absorbed by a horizontalgrid the passagethrough the orifice polarized such .waves and themaximum physiological effectof such waves was, produced. .The size ofthe orificemust be regulated toprevent waves of greaterv length thanrequired from passing through. v I.

. .In the application of the beam of microwaves to the treatmentofthejsubject [0 it may be found that .some of the. waves pass throughandbeyond thesubject and inorder to achieve the maximum eiflciency of. thewave effect upon the subject it may be :found desirable to. place areflector element. ll beyond the subject so that penetrating wavesmay bereflected back.

. In the form .of the device illustrated in Figure 3, where it may befound desirable to use a wave source .,emitting wave of greater lengththan thosellsed inthemore simple form of the device shownin Figures 1and2, atubelB .of larger dimensionsthan the. tube. 2 has arrangedcentrally' of the lengththereof a wave sourcev l9 and arranged in oneofthe open endslof this tube is a tubular frustro-conical. member.20 whichis provided at its smaller end with. a reduced size tube 2L. This.member .2.ll-'.2l is preferably mounted. for longitudinal adjustment inrelation to the tube [8 andhas a micrometer adjustment 22 of; suitableform. Mounted. within the: outer closed end. 'of the; tube 2| .is amicrometer adjusting member 23which carries a reflector memher. whichreflects axially thev micro. waves which are not stoppedcr deflected bythe converging walls of the member 20. t

Arranged within the end of the tube I8 opposite tothat containing the.member is a similar tubular conical member 25 which has a' small orifice26 at the apex. This: cone member is supported. for axial: adjustment bya micrometer adjnsting member 21.. ..;A .tubular extension. ismounted.on the cone member ,25 adjacent to the apex. thereof and at the outerend. of. the tube. 28 ,is mounted a slide h lder 29 into which slideshaving regulated oriflees therein areinserted.

3 Attached to the slideholder and. extending axially in relation to thetube I8 is a small tube 30 which. conduct the beamof waves projectedthrough the .orificein the slide; and maintains such waves in a smallconcentrated beam. This tube has. telescopically; arranged upon itsouter end a tube. extension 3|, which is adjusted by means of amicrometer adjustment 32 mounted between the two portions of the tube,and at the outer end of the extension 3| is mounted an enlarged tubularmember 33 which permits expansion of the wave beam so that it may have adesired area of application to the subject 34.

Mounted upon the tube 33 is an extension tube 35 which may be adjustedby the micrometer adjustment device 36 in order to tune the length ofthe direction tube 33 to the waves that are being projected. A reflectormember 31 may be arranged beyond the subject to reflect back waves thatmay pass through the subject.

It will be understood that many variations in the .structure of thedevice such as herein described may be made for the more accuratetuning'of the wave-controlling apparatus at various points withoutdeparting from the essential feature of. this invention which is tocontrol by reflection in various ways the microwaves which it is desiredto use for certain definite predetermined purposes; These will varyin'a'ccordance with thesubject and the conditions in the sub jectwhich'it is desired to affect, either to produce analgesia oranaesthesia or actual decimating effects uponbac'teria or cell life. r

In the practical'application of this invention it is found that, bylengthening or shortening various parts of the apparatus by means ofsleeves, movable reflectors or other means, various wave lengths orharmonics may be abstracted from the fundamental waves and directed tothe subject requiring. treatmen't'arid human, animal, plant or bacterialmatter may be effectively treated for selected results by the efiectiveisolation of harmonies from fundamentals for such treatment and evenharmonicsmay be isolated from other harmonics for the same purpose.

Further, it will be understood that after the desired wave length hasbeen segregated the beamemittedthrough the final selection aperture maybe conducted by means of a tube, which may be flexible or'rigid, to thelocality where the application is toben'iade.

It W111 also be understoodthat the us of on verging surfaces within thetube enclosing the wave source is an important feature of the; in-

vention .in eifecting the concentrationof the waves desired toward thediaphragm or emission orifice so that a. greater output of the selectedwaves through the orifice may be maintained,

thus making more of the desired impulse available for treatmentpurposes.

It W111 also be understood that while I have shown diagrammaticallycertain reflectors these may be formed to present flat, parabolic orother surfaces, which will be best designed for concentration of thewaves and the tuning of the distances required for proper and effectivewave concentration.

What I claim as my invention:

1. An apparatus for controlling and directing micro waves forphysiological treatment compris ing a tube, a micro wave sourcearrangedaxially of and intermediate of the length of said tube, a tubularconical member arranged in each end of said tube for deflecting andseparating the longer wave lengths from the required micro waves andeach having an orifice in its' apex, a micro wave reflector adjustablymounted axially of the apex orifice in one of said conical members, andlongitudinally adjustable tubular members arranged beyond the orifice inthe apex of the other conical member and adapted totune and direct in abeam the micro waves selectively ductor tube and lesser diameter thanthe main wave source enclosing tube and telescopically adjustable.

5. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 in which a wave reflector mediumis placed in the line of direction of the wave beam emitted from thetele-- scopically adjustable tuning means to reflect the waves backthrough an object placed therebetween.

JAMES HENRY COTTON.

